Industry


Ads by TechWords

See your link here


Preston Gralla's picture
Preston Gralla

Seeing Through Windows

More reasons netbooks are killing Microsoft

I've written before that sales of Linux netbooks are a big reason that Microsoft is hurting and is laying off 5,000 people. Here are more reasons why netbooks are putting the big hurt on the company.

As I wrote in a previous blog, in its statement about the layoffs, Microsoft said that its revenue for client software was down 8%, and a primary cause was the shift to netbooks. A big reason for that decline is that 30% of netbooks ship with Linux, so Microsoft doesn't make any money from either Windows or Microsoft Office on those machines.

But there's an even bigger problem for Microsoft as well, as several people commented on my blog. Microsoft most likely gets less for each copy of Windows sold on a netbook than it does on a desktop machine. One problem, at the moment, is that Vista won't run on netbooks, and Microsoft probably gets less for XP than it does for Vista.

The longer-range problem, though, is that even when Windows 7 ships and runs on netbooks, Microsoft will likely continue to be paid less for Windows 7 on a netbook than on a more powerful PC. There's very little margin on a machine selling for $200 or $300, and so Microsoft simply can't charge full freight for Windows on one.

In addition, people are not as likely to buy Office for a netbook than they are for a more powerful computer. A netbook is designed for Web use, and so Google Docs or possibly a free version of Microsoft Office will be all that they need. So there's more revenue gone.

This problem is one more example of why Microsoft needs to find a way to gain revenue from online use of its software, rather than rely on client-based sales. Bringing Office and other apps online may help, by getting revenue from netbook users.

What People Are Saying

Commoditization

How many ways can you describe commodization of software in the desktop, laptop and net-top space???

Really though, I love to see people try in this market. It does my user centric FLOSS heart good.

Brotherred

Probably?

Most likely? Probably? Will Likely?

Seriously Preston, did you research any of this before you posted?

First, let's look at the facts.

"Microsoft most likely gets less for each copy of Windows sold on a netbook than it does on a desktop machine."

That is purely a guess on your part, and while there is some truth to the conjecture, it doesn't mean Microsoft is losing money. Here's why:

1. Fact - Although Microsoft lists pricing of OEM licenses for system builders, Redmond does not advertise or discuss pricing for Tier 1 royalty OEMs. It is generally private between Microsoft and that royalty OEM account. Netbook manufacturers are royalty OEMs, not lower tier system builders, so they do get a big break on the price while the system builder pays whatever price is set for those licenses through the channel.

However, although the royalty licensing is considerably less, its still not free, so those OEMs do indeed pay for those licenses and Microsoft does indeed make their money.

2. Fact - Microsoft is a business, not a charity. They give breaks to their Tier 1 OEMs, but they do not operate at a loss. They still build their margin into it. They are still making money.

Bottom line: Yes, this is a true statement. However it insinuates that Microsoft is LOSING money selling Windows on netbooks and making it on desktops, which is totally untrue. The Netbooks licenses still sold at nice markup and a fair profit. They just make a much larger markup on the desktops and, as some system builders may confide, more than fair.

"Microsoft probably gets less for XP than it does for Vista"?

This one made me laugh.

3. Fact - Windows XP is currently being installed or rolled back onto PCs at an estimated rate of 3 to 1. Bad for Vista? Yes, it is. Bad for Microsoft? Yes and No. Yes in terms of Microsoft's ROI in Vista, no in terms of Microsoft's ROI in XP.

4. Fact - Windows Vista cost a lot more to develop than XP. Redmond spent over $1B developing and marketing Vista. It spent a lot less than that developing XP. Vista has been available for two years. XP has been around for about nine. In fact, it is still selling strong, in spite of the company's attempts to take it off the market.

5. Fact - As mentioned earlier, an estimated two thirds of Vista users use their downgrade rights to migrate to XP. They are no longer running Vista, yet Microsoft still counts it as a Vista sale and not XP, since the Vista license was initially purchased.

6. Fact - Vista is priced higher than XP, which means that when a user downgrades from Vista to XP, they are actually paying MORE for XP than they would had they purchased a PC with XP instead of Vista.

Bottom line: Has Vista returned on its investment? No. Has XP? You bet, and more. Microsoft made that back years ago. given the facts, Microsoft lost money on its investment in Vista, but made its money back on XP years ago. This means that the actual cost of producing XP and bringing it to market is so minimal the margin on an XP sale is way beyond reasonable. So, while Vista could be considered a write-off in many respects, XP is like selling bottled tap water and is basically a cash cow for Microsoft.

"Microsoft will likely continue to be paid less for Windows 7 on a netbook than on a more powerful PC"?

7. Fact - A royalty OEM license, or any system builder license for a particular product or version on a netbook is the same license as the one on a laptop. Vista Whatever is Vista Whatever, Office Whatever is Office Whatever. It is the same license and basically costs the OEM the same whether it is attached to a netbook, laptop, desktop or tablet PC. It's not the device itself that determines the price, but what the software the license is for.

Now, could Microsoft make an exception for a netbook? Of course. But in such a scenario Fact 1 applies.

8. We don't know the pricing for Windows 7 yet, so we really can't draw conclusions. However, Microsoft has said that Windows 7 would have at least as many versions as Windows Vista and would have similar price points.

Bottom line: With the facts given above, does it matter?

"There's very little margin on a machine selling for $200 or $300, and so Microsoft simply can't charge full freight for Windows on one.

Now, this one just floors me. Preston, the MSRP of a netbook has little to do with what Microsoft decides to charge for its software.

8. Fact - Microsoft doesn't care what we sell the computer for, they aren't selling the computer, they are selling the software that is bundled with it.

9. Fact - Microsoft may negotiate with the royalty OEMs, but at the end of the day they charge what they want and the OEM decides how low they can sell the netbook with the license installed and still make a dollar.

10. Fact - System builders generally pay in advance for licenses or blocks of them, whether they use them or not. If I buy 30 copies of Vista put ten licenses on ten PCs and installed Linux on the rest of them, Microsoft got their money. I'm just stuck with 20 licenses in inventory.

Bottom line: whether the manufacturer sells a netbook for $1 or $100, Microsoft still charges the system builder what they charge according to the OEM license agreement. Whether the vendor makes money on the resale is the vendor's problem, not Microsoft's.

Rick Savoia
The Force Field podcast for IT service providers
http://www.theforcefield.net

Replying to this

Replying to this exchange:

"There's very little margin on a machine selling for $200 or $300, and so Microsoft simply can't charge full freight for Windows on one." / "Now, this one just floors me. Preston, the MSRP of a netbook has little to do with what Microsoft decides to charge for its software."

I have to point out the obvious - if the manufacturer wants to sell a complete system for $200, they have to spend less than $100 on components (given typical consumer electronics margins for distribution, marketing, etc.).

So while it's true that Microsoft can charge whatever it wants for its software, it's also fairly obvious that if MS charges too much, manufacturers will use a less expensive (or free) alternative in order to hit their target cost of goods.

"7. Fact - A royalty OEM license, or any system builder license for a particular product or version on a netbook is the same license as the one on a laptop"

This is possibly technically correct, but given the realities of the software business is meaningless. For example, Microsoft currently sells XP for netbooks at a much lower price than XP for other computers. It's the same OS, but the licensing terms are restrictive - OEM's can only sell the cheap XP on slow PC's with limited storage and RAM. If an OEM wants to sell the same OS on a mainstream PC, they have to pay much more for the license to do so. Given that Microsoft has announced that Windows7 will run on netbooks, which means that it has to cost those OEMs small fraction of $100, and assuming that Microsoft would like to keep making $billions from mainstream PC OEM's, it seems pretty obvious that they will continue to do what they're already doing, and sell the OS for less for netbooks and more for mainstream PC's.

Don't forget that unlike hardware, software has no unit cost, so MS can package and price it any way that they like in order to make money; all they have to do is rename the product, or tack on a license term, and they can drop or raise the price all they want.

As for whether Microsoft loses money when people buy XP instead of Vista, well, at the very least they're losing sales of the higher-priced Vista to the lower-priced XP, which is costing them money. But what's probably more concerning to them is that Microsoft's market share is eroding. They used to be able to assume a virtual 100% market share, and optimize revenue based on maximizing revenue from a captive customer base. Now they have actual competition, with significant and growing percentages of computer users buying Apple and Linux systems, which means that Microsoft has to actually compete against a viable, not just theoretical, alternative. So compared to losing the entire netbook market, Microsoft is probably happy making a few dollars on XP licenses rather than having an entire generation of computer users trained in Linux. Heck, if they had to, they'd probably give XP away for free just to keep Linux from getting a foothold - they'd done that on a number of international deals, so it wouldn't be the first time.

Replying to this

Replying to this exchange:

"There's very little margin on a machine selling for $200 or $300, and so Microsoft simply can't charge full freight for Windows on one." / "Now, this one just floors me. Preston, the MSRP of a netbook has little to do with what Microsoft decides to charge for its software."

I have to point out the obvious - if the manufacturer wants to sell a complete system for $200, they have to spend less than $100 on components (given typical consumer electronics margins for distribution, marketing, etc.).

So while it's true that Microsoft can charge whatever it wants for its software, it's also fairly obvious that if MS charges too much, manufacturers will use a less expensive (or free) alternative in order to hit their target cost of goods.

"7. Fact - A royalty OEM license, or any system builder license for a particular product or version on a netbook is the same license as the one on a laptop"

This is possibly technically correct, but given the realities of the software business is meaningless. For example, Microsoft currently sells XP for netbooks at a much lower price than XP for other computers. It's the same OS, but the licensing terms are restrictive - OEM's can only sell the cheap XP on slow PC's with limited storage and RAM. If an OEM wants to sell the same OS on a mainstream PC, they have to pay much more for the license to do so. Given that Microsoft has announced that Windows7 will run on netbooks, which means that it has to cost those OEMs small fraction of $100, and assuming that Microsoft would like to keep making $billions from mainstream PC OEM's, it seems pretty obvious that they will continue to do what they're already doing, and sell the OS for less for netbooks and more for mainstream PC's.

Don't forget that unlike hardware, software has no unit cost, so MS can package and price it any way that they like in order to make money; all they have to do is rename the product, or tack on a license term, and they can drop or raise the price all they want.

As for whether Microsoft loses money when people buy XP instead of Vista, well, at the very least they're losing sales of the higher-priced Vista to the lower-priced XP, which is costing them money. But what's probably more concerning to them is that Microsoft's market share is eroding. They used to be able to assume a virtual 100% market share, and optimize revenue based on maximizing revenue from a captive customer base. Now they have actual competition, with significant and growing percentages of computer users buying Apple and Linux systems, which means that Microsoft has to actually compete against a viable, not just theoretical, alternative. So compared to losing the entire netbook market, Microsoft is probably happy making a few dollars on XP licenses rather than having an entire generation of computer users trained in Linux. Heck, if they had to, they'd probably give XP away for free just to keep Linux from getting a foothold - they'd done that on a number of international deals, so it wouldn't be the first time.

why do you care?

I'm inta keeping up to date with what microsoft and more apple (cause it' just more interesting) are doing, but how the hell long did you spend writing this spitefull list. Get a life man. Microsoft doesn't care what you think, or how many facts you know and neither does anyone else.

Fair Profit

"The Netbooks licenses still sold at nice markup and a fair profit."

Key point. MS can't survive as it is on a 'fair profit'. The entire company is structured on gouging locked in customers for every penny they can get. How will they pay for their bloated infrastructure and numerous money-losing side bets?

More reasons netbooks are killing Microsoft

You said: "In addition, people are not as likely to buy Office for a netbook than they are for a more powerful computer. A netbook is designed for Web use, and so Google Docs or possibly a free version of Microsoft Office will be all that they need."

I don't know about what other netbook users need, but I need my personalized version of MS Word on my netbook -- an Asus Eee PC 1000H -- because of all the macros, the normal.dot file, the templates, the proof files (spell-checker dictionaries), and the formatting features that only MS Word has. Why would I want to use some other incompatible word processor such as Google Docs? And how could I use it if I can't connect to the Net?

No, I want my word processor installed on my netbook so that I can use it anywhere at any time. At worst, I would use the PortableApps version of AbiWord, a very small word processing program that I have installed on a USB flash drive.
If competition with Linux on netbooks hurts MS enough, perhaps that will force the company to reduce prices for its software. I would welcome that. MS software is as overpriced as Apple hardware.

Linux in all its flavors still isn't user-friendly enough to make me want to switch, despite my many attempts to do so over the past ten years. Perhaps if I had started out on Linux instead of CPM, MSDOS, and Mac I'd feel differently about it. If Linux were all I knew, then I would more than likely think that it was extremely user-friendly and superior to Windows. And if I were as rabidly anti-Microsoft as all the Linux fanboyz are, I would certainly proclaim it to be the only reasonable OS for users who are (a) willing to struggle with an unfriendly and software-deficient operating system, or (b) in need of a cheap or free operating system that gives them only limited capabilities such as email, watching DVDs, listening to mp3s, surfing the Net, and writing basic word processor documents.

All my work comes in for editing in MS Word documents. Using any other word processor would be pointless because it would destroy the formatting, as Open Office invariably does whenever I use it to see if it really has improved sufficiently to be able to call itself compatible with MS Word -- it hasn't and it isn't.

Where can I get a free version of MS Office? In the cloud? Fageddabout it. Even if the server can boast of 100% uptime, I don't always want to or can't always connect.

Linux in all its flavors

Linux in all its flavors still isn't user-friendly enough to make me want to switch

To each his own. I find that Ubuntu isn't half bad in this regard. There are a lot of apps that aren't particularly user friendly, but there are plenty of apps that are, and the unfriendly ones tend to be very powerful. That said, Linux still isn't for everyone, and there are plenty of reasons for this.

And if I were as rabidly anti-Microsoft as all the Linux fanboyz are, I would certainly proclaim it to be the only reasonable OS for users who are (a) willing to struggle with an unfriendly and software-deficient operating system, or (b) in need of a cheap or free operating system that gives them only limited capabilities such as email, watching DVDs, listening to mp3s, surfing the Net, and writing basic word processor documents.

I'm going to have to call BS on this one. There is not a lack of good software for Linux, it's just different (in interface, name, or whatever) from the software people are used to on Windows. Also, your list of uses for Linux seems to cover everything most people use a computer for except for games (which do suck on Linux). And there are good, easy to use applications that fill these roles on Linux.

I honestly don't think Linux is going to be replacing Windows any time soon, no matter how easy to use it becomes. People tend to stick with what they already know, and for most people that's Windows or Mac.

I do get fed up with the people who think everyone should switch to Linux. On the other hand, I also get fed up with people who think that nobody should use Linux.

Your ignorance is showing

"And if I were as rabidly anti-Microsoft as all the Linux fanboyz are, I would certainly proclaim it to be the only reasonable OS for users who are (a) willing to struggle with an unfriendly and software-deficient operating system, or (b) in need of a cheap or free operating system that gives them only limited capabilities such as email, watching DVDs, listening to mp3s, surfing the Net, and writing basic word processor documents."

More than two-thirds of all servers on the Internet are running Linux. The most powerful graphics editing software available runs on Linux. Even MS Office will run on Linux (although that's rather like buying a Turbo Porsche and putting a horse trailer behind it).

Fact is, MS can't compete in terms of price, innovation, or reliability, and *that* is why MS is hurting. And every person who buys a netbook with Linux installed is one more person who discovers that MS doesn't actually make computers; they only make computers slow, expensive, and crash-prone.

And I get paid to keep those computers running.

Problem is...MS Office

Problem is...MS Office 2007's ribbon takes a lot of vertical screen real-estate, just what the netbook format lacks...I guess MS never saw the netbook avalanche coming when they decided to redesign Office's user interface. So what's MS to do about it? rollback the ribbon? offer a small-screen friendly version? revive Office 2003 for netbooks?? I think MS is very screwed, caught between this market shift with peculiar limitations and a product lineup that suffer from assumptions during their design stage,and that no longer remain valid.

Just wait a bit and you'll be able to run Google Apps offline with the help of Google Gears and Google Chrome, and you also won't have to worry about your files stored in the Google Cloud, since they'll be in Sync with your hard drive.