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Verizon deal rips off rural users, rips open digital divide

With Verizon Communications' proposed spin-off of its local lines business in northern New England, any pretense that rural customers will share in Verizon's promise to deliver fiber to every home has been dashed. Verizon will still keep its promise to deliver fiber to every customer's home. It will do so by simply divesting itself of customers in rural areas where the effort is deemed too expensive. That's an easy way to claim victory. But guess who loses? Hint: It's not the shareholders. (For more on the deal, see Can Verizon sale make DSL a contender in the Northeast?).

The job of getting competitive broadband services to millions of New Englanders will fall to tiny FairPoint Communications Inc. (900 employees, $263 million in revenues), which has pledged to spend $200 million on the effort. Think it will work? Consider this: In 2005 FairPoint's data & Internet services business amounted to just 9% of total sales. It reported a total net income of just under $29 million. The company goes into the deal with $8 million in cash reserves and more than $600 million in debt. That's a debt-to-equity ratio of 246%.

Contrast that to Verizon, a $75 billion enterprise with $7.4 billion in earnings, 250,000 employees and a debt ratio of 80%. And it couldn't get the job done.

The Verizon deal will sandbag FairPoint with $1.7 billion - that's right, $1.7 BILLION - in debt. That's good news for Verizon's balance sheet, but not FairPoint's. Meanwhile, the two companies are promoting the deal to regulators by saying the new company will create 600 new jobs and will spend $200 million to expand broadband access. Whether that investment materializes, and whether it will be spent expanding access or for upgrading the existing customers to the more modern DSL technology, ADSL2+, time will tell. According to analysts Matt Davis and Amy Lynd in an IDC Event Flash, the money will be spent on "system integration, operations and other back-office functions."

Certainly, things couldn't be much worse for customers in the northern New England. Verizon serves only about 180,000 DSL customers in three-state Northern New England region (Maine, New Hampshire and Vermont), out of a population of about 3 million. IDC analysts Davis and Lynd think FairPoint will add customers, increasing the availability of DSL from 62% of customers today to more than 85% within two years. Given the financial structure of the deal, I have my doubts.

The move will also depress competition and customer choice in another area. According to Davis and Lynd, with this deal, "...any meaningful facilities-based television competition will evaporate."

Furthermore, IDC predicts that Verizon's New England customer divestiture is just the start. It expects Verizon to jettison another 3.4 million rural customers in Michigan, Ohio, Illinois and Indiana before year end. Verizon will reach it's goal and maximize its profits, but rural America will be left behind with second-tier services.

What People Are Saying

It's not just those states

It's not just those states listed, but parts of Upstate NY, too. I don't understand the finer points of the deal made here. All I know is that here in Rensselaer County, FairPoint is the only DSL available, and having a monopoly on the service, they are charging prohibitve monthly prices for the service. Ten miles from the capital of New York, and dial-up is still the only real option here. Thanks a lot Verizon.

Also in Response to

Also in Response to Mitchell. You are correct that "There is a value to empowering the socioeconomically disadvantaged". I find it a bit ironic that you put that responsibility on the "market", however. I think it better to put that responsibility on society, and where it puts its priorities, and those are (supposed to be) reflected in how the elected officials conduct themselves. The government does not seem to have a problem providing incentives for the big retail boxes that litter our landscape. Everyone wants a convenient place to shop it seems: tax breaks, relaxed building permits and midnight council approvals seem to get that done rather well. Why not cut some slack to the Communications companies (all of them, CLECs & ILECs - and in a fair and equitable manner)? One more comment. If you want to point out cherry picking opportunities you need only look at the below cost wholesale rates and preferrential operating rules given to CLECs in ILEC territories. Talk about an incentive for someone to cherry pick! Let me tell you, it is not the CLECs looking to deliver broadband to the farm! Again it comes down to fair and equitable treatment by those who have a say in regulation. I would contend that it would not take all that much to get Verizon to stay and play in VT, NH and ME. Just a realistic sense of what it REALLY costs to build and operate there. I would be willing to bet they would carry the load until their broadband efforts begin to pay dividends in other parts of their footprint, in order to have the opportunity to serve those States sometime in the future.

In response to Robert

In response to Robert Mitchell's comment about dumping the northern states and keeping the more profitable NE states, he couldn't be more mislead. The 3 northern states actually are the profitable states in New England. The state of Rhode Island loses 28 million dollars a year for the company and Massachusetts breaks even at best. Knowing this, why would you be investing millions of dollars in a state that has been in the red for years instead of a state such as New Hampshire which is profitable and still growing economically .

Blktalon is right that

Blktalon is right that government regulation can add to the problem. However, this deal will not do much, if anything, to narrow the digital divide created by geography and sparse population density.

The market will not solve this problem without intervention. That means regulators will either have to subsidize the basic infrastructure where the economics are challenging or require the regulated, incumbent telcos to make the investment and spread that cost across all customers within a given state through regulated rates.

Clearly, Verizon is no longer interested in playing the local exchange carrier game in rural areas. By splitting off NH, VT and ME from the more profitable New England states it has cherry picked the CLEC business and leaves regulators to deal with smaller, less well backed CLECs. Ironically, they'll have to carry the load in the areas that require the highest infrastruture investment per customer.

Verizon's move is good for business but bad for social policy. Depressed rural areas in particular would gain by having better access to broadband. There is a value to empowering the socioeconomically disadvantaged that the market does not recognize.

How to monetize that? Probably only through government intervention.

So Verizon gets to dump an

So Verizon gets to dump an area it thinks won't make it money -- excuse me, ENOUGH money? Then when FairPoint goes bankrupt, Verizon has no liability for all the broken promises and all the jobs that disappear (or never appear in the first place) -- all of FairPoint's "agreements" become void, and Verizon gets to bid pennies on the dollar for whatever facilities FairPoint does end up with once it declares bankruptcy? Sweet! Where do I sign up? After all, this spin-off is being done mostly with other people's money, not theirs. Hope the people investing at least know their investment is worth less than "junk bonds" and are ready to lose it. Oh, and as for "regulation" hurting these companies -- I can only judge from my experience watching cable companies negotiate with local governments, that under-regulation is not the problem.

I respect your opinions, I

I respect your opinions, I really do, but lets get real. If you want the government to decide who and when its constituents are “entitled” (familiar word Vermont?) to broadband, then please ask your government to build it for you, see how much it costs them (and how long it takes), and ultimately you. Bottom line, to build an all fiber network it costs money, and lots of it. Nothing is free. Every telecommunications company out there would love to serve every customer in New England with fiber, but the reality is no one, even Verizon & AT&T (the “big bad” phone companies), has enough capital to get it done. Skepticism on Wall Street is one large factor. But the other, broader, deeper and more insidious issue is regulation. One example: In Europe, for instance, it is not only possible to bury fiber in the pavement of the roadways but it is encouraged. You see European governments have a far more progressive view of what a solid telecommunications infrastructure can do for their people. They see it as part of the solution to, say, green house gases and traffic congestion. Better telecom = more work from home = less cars on the road, (you get the picture). You commies in Vermont ought to appreciate that. (Just kidding!..., sort of.) Of course the fact that, European governments, often own the Telecom AND the Highway departments, helps (I am not suggesting we go that route, far from it! ..though it might actually work in the SRV - Socialist Republic of Vermont – Just kidding again…sort of). Do you have any idea of the obstacles a Telecom provider would face if they tried to put fiber in the roadways of this country? There are dozens of government agencies that manage our roadways and none of them want anyone messing with “their stuff”, nor do they care about improving the productivity of our economy. Mind you this is but one example of the hundreds of roadblocks facing Telecom providers. Remember, they have to run a line to every house and business in your town. Did you ever look out of an airplane window and see how many places they have to go? You would be hard pressed to simply ring every door bell without spend several million dollars and you would probably piss some government agency off for, something, somewhere ! We could talk about permitting, police details, rights of way, environmental concerns, aesthetics, restoration costs, tree trimming, taxes, traffic control, labor issues, material costs, coordination with other utilities, and on and on and on. All of these factors add tremendous cost to doing business. Unfortunately, in rural states like Vermont, NH and Maine these costs are magnified by the lack of population density. Long distances between population centers = more cost. (And by the way I DO live in New England). More unfortunate (for the citizens of these States) regulators, and other government agencies, do not have an appreciation for these costs, and time after time in hundreds of often obscure State PUC rulings that the general public is not inclined to follow, they rule against big Telecom, simply because it is easier for them to make the same inane arguments made in the replies above, “Big Telecom can afford it”, in effect forcing them to subsidize doing business in Vermont (sorry to keep picking on VT,…sort of) with revenue from other more profitable places. Folks, the reality is, broadband deployment in this great country is going to take allot of money, no matter who builds it. We, as a people, believe in free enterprise. Don’t hammer Verizon or AT&T for making good business decisions based on the economics. And don’t hammer your regulators and governments for “allowing” Big Telecom to make good business decisions. It is a matter of survival for them. Instead, hammer your government for not seeing the big picture! Hammer them for not taking steps to encourage telecom investments in your State. Governments do it for other industries all the time! I bet you know of a shopping mall that is getting tax relief to locate in your town. With incentives, or simply lack of dis-incentives, broadband telecom will become viable to New England again. The natural evolution will be to go where the sales can support the building of the network, build critical mass, then fan out to the rural areas, that is just the way it is.

Yo, ho, ho, and away we go.

Yo, ho, ho, and away we go. Where did you get your information on Verizon economics, from the Executive talking ponts brief?

Verizon and AT&T BOTH have received tax break after tax break after tax break and incentives to build out DSL, FIOS, etc., and have simply pocketed the money. This is a part of public record. Go read about it.

The problem isn't that regulators have saddled Verizon with onerous rules, the problem is that regulators haven't made Verizon live up to its written agreements.

Try truth in telecom first and go from there.

In response to the

In response to the “flatlander fascist” (just kidding,… sort of) if you indeed live in new England, you must be in an area (probably Massachusetts from the erroneously affluent odiferous offal that escapes from time to time from your cranial cavity, or just possibly you speak from your sphincter?.....just kidding…sort of) that call in a trouble to Verizon and has it fixed in 24 hours. Unlike those of us in the GREAT state of Vermont, where before the pressure was put on Verizon by the government it was 3 days minimum to get a trouble fixed.
The FIOS project is the least of our concerns. We don’t demand FIOS now, 80% of Vermonters don’t even know what it is and yes it is expected that major metropolitan areas will roll out first. Turn it on its ear, if as you say Verizon can’t afford to roll out FIOS (not necessarily so) no way will Fair Point.
I am looking at the other side. My family is a “Verizon” family. The food on the table depends on the pay I get. Scenario 1: Verizon sells NH. Vt. And Me. Land lines, Verizon keeps all the business lines (the ones responsible for 60%+ of that profit margin), to Fair Point. Fair Point assumes a massive debt, takes over the millions of dollars in pension money, (“investing” in the new company…aka junk bonds) the employees and union. Then Fair Point declares bankruptcy AGAIN, breaks the union, fires the workers, decimates the pension, and hires untrained off the street workers far below poverty line pay to replace them. Thus they break the union, reduce the work force, and give the northern states the largest jump in unemployment recipients in years while at the same time bringing customer service to a stop. Oh and Ivan Will pocket another 12 million in bonus monies every quarter. That is what the “flatlander fascist” (just kidding…sort of) is condoning. It must be great to have a job working as a spinster for Verizon.

I understand your thought

I understand your thought process but it fails in one simple regard. Verizon was given tax relief for these very reasons you discuss. They have received tremendous tax breaks in New Hampshire for the very purpose of updating and improving their infrastructure for the benefit of the communities in which they serve. And what do they do? They take the money and run. They say one thing to please the states and do another. Big business, big thieves. Verizon corporate executives will receive a huge amount of Fairpoint stock for this deal. But what are the options. Fairpoint will never have the ability to bankroll a massive DSL rollout in three states. The existing plant has been neglected for years so Verizon could afford the fiber network they are in the process of building. Fairpoint will spend most of their money trying to fix the neglected copper plant that is left behind by Verizon. At least we were seeing a true high speed network being built by Verizon. We can only hope the states force Verizon to stay and finish the job.

If this sale goes through it

If this sale goes through it is bad news for the customers in these states. If we do not have the chance of Fios from Verizon coming here to compete with overpriced Time warner and Comcast cable televsion companies our rates will keep going up and up!!! In addition Fairpoint has already gone bankrupt twice?? It will not take long before third time is a charm..