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Not so green computing: Is Windows an energy hog?

Many data centers are looking for energy efficient hardware. Mallory Forbes thinks they should be looking at the software too - and Windows in particular.

"Quite often you see applications that require a heck of a lot of horsepower to get them to run well. To get the response times... you end up buying a fairly significant number of devices or very large devices to make them run," says Forbes, senior vice president and manager of mainframe technology at Regions Financial Corp. in Birmingham, AL. Much of the time, those inefficient applications are running on top of Windows, he claims.

As the performance of hardware continues to go up and prices continue to drop, there's been little pressure on software vendors to write efficient code, he says. If anything, that code has been getting bigger and more bloated over time. Now that spiking power requirements and heat density issues have IT's attention, he thinks it's time to revisit the issue of software efficiency.

Case in point: The Windows operating system and the applications designed to run on it. "On the whole, Windows platforms are less efficient" than applications running on Unix, he says. Forbes says that as the bank prepares to consolidate servers onto virtual machines it has been performing studies of hardware utilization levels for applications running on both Unix and Windows servers. "The utilization rates for our Windows boxes are dramatically lower than for our Unix boxes," he says. The bank uses Linux, AIX and Solaris, which he says are more efficient. "If we can put something on Unix we prefer to do that," he says.

Amory Lovins, CEO at energy efficiency think tank Rocky Mountain Institute also suspects there's significant energy savings to be had from using more efficient software. "I would be very interested to see comparisons [between] applications or at least [benchmarks that] perform a comparable task under different operating systems with the same hardware," he says. In this way, the user could find out exactly how many processor cycles - and how many watt-hours of power over time - are required to get the same amount of work done. "It's a rich field for exploration, but I don't have a good data and I don't know if anyone does," he admits.

I haven't seen any studies relating software efficiency (or lack thereof) to energy efficiency. From your experience, do you buy the argument that the applications and operating system can substantially affect overall energy efficiency of the systems in a data center?

Could an operating system such as Windows, and the applications running on top of it  - be an energy hog?

What People Are Saying

Due to the huge amount of

Due to the huge amount of dust and dirt in the computer room, the maintenance included cleaning the processor fan once every couple of months when WinNT was starting to lock up.

thank you so much

thank you so much..

thanks

thank you so much

bayrak

thanks you

bayrak

very nice

I have done that on my

I have done that on my system and seen an average 40% reduction in power consumption because it idles in a low power state when applications are idle even for a few milliseconds.

The peripheral effect of old

The peripheral effect of old and inefficient hardware technology is arriving to consciousness. We only stick with high-energy cost data centers because we “have to run windows OS” in the enterprise on archaic 1970's technology. We run Windows OS in the enterprise, because everyone knows Windows: because everyone has it in their home, and so the learning curve is smaller, IT training is cheaper and time to worker productivity is faster. We are locking into x86 and Windows in the enterprise, because the mass consumer market is locked into it – not because Windows is such an exquisite product. If Microsoft could wake up to an initiative with CPU chip manufacturers to support 21st century technology and energy issues - and migrate themselves away from x86, they could easily secure themselves for the next 50 years if not the rest of the century for sure.

Matt, I am not ready to go

Matt,

I am not ready to go in the spotlight by giving my full name, but please believe I am a real person.

I totally agree with the first part of your post and want to relate my personal experience as a network administrator in one of the less fortunate countries around the globe: The company I was working for had an old AMD 586 based Windows NT file server. As a network administrator, one of my duties was to maintain it running. Due to the huge amount of dust and dirt in the computer room, the maintenance included cleaning the processor fan once every couple of months when WinNT was starting to lock up. Later we decided to reformat and convert it to do the exact same thing but using Linux and Samba. Under the new configuration, the system worked for 2 years without locking up. Before replacing it with a newer server, I took a look inside and the fan was not turning at all, even though the server did never lock up. The only conclusion I can reach is that the CPU was producing less heat under the same type of usage.

In regards to the second part of your posting, I believe even older distributions have good support for power management. Also most of the hardware is supported now, including laptops. At least my laptops never had any trouble, but you may need to look deeper into the configurations. And for most servers, you do not actually want it to go into power saving modes.

What hasn't been pointed out

What hasn't been pointed out is that in most applications deployments in windows, "one app per windows instance/box" is the rule for maintaining stability. This is partly related to applications "tossing" different versions of identical DLLs into the OS itself resulting in numerous potential conflicts. (DLL hell is the proper term)

In most of the *nix environments, the limits are simply I/O and how much memory you have. Toss as many apps on a box as you like.

And yes, all the OS's support speedstep and powernow and the variants that have arrived with multicore processors. except for suspending a laptop, the two camps are close.

I'm writing this comment

I'm writing this comment using Debian Etch in a Sony Vaio. Suspend and hibernate works like a fine, they work faster than Windows.